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[2]Bercovitz, Janet & Feldman, Maryann, Fishing Upstream: Firm Innovation Strategy and University Research Alliances[J], Research Policy, 2007, 31(8-9). [3]Cassiman, Bruno, Di Guardo, Chiara & Valentini, Giovanni, Organizing for Innovation: R&D Projects, Activities and Partners[R], IESE Business School Working Paper No. 597, 2005. [4]Cohen, Wesley, M. & Levinthal, Daniel, Absorptive Capacity: A New Perspective on Learning and Innovation[J], Administrative Science Quarterly, 1990, 35(9). [5]Cockburn, Iain and Rebecca Henderson, Publicly Funded Science and the Productivity of the Pharmaceutical Industry[R], paper prepared for the NBER, 2000. [6]Crespi, Gustavo, Geuna, Aldo & Verspagen, Bart, University IPRs and Knowledge transfer. Is the IPR ownership model more efficient? [R], SPRU Electronic Working Paper, 2006. [7]Hart, Oliver, Firms, Contracts, and Financial Structure[M], Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1995. [8]Harris, M. & Raviv, A., The Design of Securities[J], Journal of Financial Economics, 1989, 24(3). [9]Hart, Oliver and John Moore, Property Rights and Nature of the Firm[J], Journal of Political Economy, 1990, 98(6). [10]Hertzfeld, Henry R. & Link, Albert N. & Vonortas, Nicholas S., Intellectual Property Protection Mechanisms in Research Partnerships[J], Research Policy, 2006, 15(5). [11]Lacetera, Nicola, Different Missions and Commitment Power in R&D Organization[R], MIT working paper, 2006. [12]Lee, Yong, The Sustainability of University-Industry Research Collaborations[J], Journal of Technology Transfer, 2000, 26(3). [13]Marsili, Orietta, The Anatomy and Evolution of Industries: Technological Change and Industry Dynamics[M], MA: Edward Elgar, 2001. [14]Monjon, Stephanie & Waelbroeck, Patrick, Assessing Spillovers from Universities to Firms[J], Journal of Industrial Organization, 2003, 21(2). [15]Mowery, David, The Bayh-Dole Act of 1980 and University-Industry Technology Transfer[R], Working paper, 2004. [16]Oxley, Joanne E., Institutional Environment and the Mechanisms of Governance: The Impact of Intellectual Property Protection on the Structure of Inter-firm Alliances[J], Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 1999, 20(3). [17]Panagopoulos, Andreas, Understanding when universities and firms form RJVs: the importance of intellectual property protection[J], International Journal of Industrial Organization, 2003, 21(9). [18]Stiglitz, Joseph, Technological Change, Sunk Costs, and Competition[J], Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 1987, 18(3). [19]Teece, David, Profiting from Technological InnovationImplications for Integration, Collaboration , Licensing and Public Policy[J], Research Policy, 1986, 15(3). [20]Thursby, Jerry, The Academic Effects of Patentable Research[R], Cambridge MA: National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 10758, 2004. [21]Thursby, Jerry & Mukherjee, Swasti, Are There Real Effects of Licensing on Academic Research[J], Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2007, 63(9). The Optimal Institutional Arrangement for University-Industry collaborative Research He Jun, Huang Yanghua, Shen Yunchang (Institute of Industrial Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, 100836) AbstractBased on the clarification of the concepts of university-industry collaborative research (UICR), this paper studies the basic models of UICR and their institutional features, and focuses on the optimal institutional arrangement for research joint venture (RJV). The two main findings are: Firstly, in the setting of effective protection for intellectual property (IP), the optimal contract for RJV is offering the firm the IP of technological innovations, and the firm pays the university a fix payment and a variable recompense which is linked to technological performance (an analogy to royalties). Secondly, if the IP right is weekly protected, the second-best arrangement is establishing a joint venture enterprise, but university should be entitled the residual claim right without voting right. This paper suggests that during collaborative research, the firm s claim to IP must be complemented with other supportive payment mechanisms, such as a variable payment that linked to R&D outcome, which is able to maximize the university s R&D efforts. 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